Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research

Pardeep Sharma ¹, Kanika Bhardwaj ¹, D. R. Wadhwa ¹, Shivani Katoch ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Dr. G.C. Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

The Study Was Conducted In The Organized Dairy Farm For Sub Clinical Mastitis And Its Impact On Chemical Composition Of Milk. California Mastitis Test, Electrical Conductivity And Somatic Cell Count Were Used For Detection Of Subclinical Mastitis And Ultrasonic Ekomilk Analyzer Was Used To Analyze Chemical Composition Of Milk. A Total Of 160 Quarter Milk Samples Collected From 40 Jersey Crossbred Cows Were Examined And Overall Prevalence Of 40% And 17.48% Was Observed For Subclinical Mastitis At Cow And Quarter Level, Respectively. The Study Showed That Chemical Components Of Milk Samples Such As Fat (3.37 ± 0.33 %), Solid Not Fat (7.82 ± 0.20 %), Total Solids (11.19 ± 0.40 %), Protein (3.15 ± 0.06%) And Lactose (4.67 ± 0.06 %) Contents Of The Subclinical Mastitis Milk Was Less Than The Normal Milk. Electrical Conductivity (5.87 ± 0.21 Ms/cm) And Somatic Cell Score (scs = Log2 (scc/100,000) + 3) (3.34 ± 0.01) Of Affected Milk Was Significantly Higher Than Normal Milk. It Was Observed That The Increase In Scs Negatively Influenced The Composition Of Milk In Dairy Cows. Further, It Was Observed That Incidence Of Subclinical Mastitis Increased With The Age And Lactation Number Of The Animal.

Keywords

Subclinical Mastitis, Somatic Cell Counting, Electrical Conductivity, Milk Components.

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Smriti Kapoor ¹, Des Raj Wadhwa ¹, Surender Kumar ¹, Pardeep Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Dr. G.C. Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176062, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate diabetes mellitus (DM) in dogs of Palam valley of Himachal Pradesh. A total number of 1212 dogs were presented during February 2018 to March 2019. Out of 1212 dogs, twelve cases were diagnosed for diabetes mellitus. The epidemiological pattern and complications in the diabetes mellitus affected dogs were studied. The overall incidence rate was 0.99% and maximum number of cases (8/12) were recorded in winter season (November to February). The incidence was greater in older compared with younger dogs with highest incidence (58.33%) occurring in dogs >5 years of age. Males had an increased risk of diabetes mellitus as compared with females. Breeds like Labrador and Pomeranian were found to be more susceptible as compared to breeds like Mongrel, Pug and Cocker spaniel to diabetes mellitus. The common chronic complications such as cataract and anterior uveitis were recorded. Subclinical urinary tract infections (UTI) were the most common concurrent disorder in diabetes mellitus followed by subclinical neuropathy and hepatic lipidosis.

Keywords

Cataract, Diabetes, Dogs, Hyperglycemia, Incidence.

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Pardeep Sharma ¹, Dinesh Kumar Sharma ², D. R. Wadhwa ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Dr. GC Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176062, IN
2 Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Dr. GC Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176062, IN

Abstract

Most of the cited literature on plant poisoning among animals in Himachal Pradesh is not available to the majority of interested researchers, grassland managers and animal rearers dealing with livestock management. Therefore, a review of common poisonous plant affecting livestock was conducted in Himachal Pradesh. Based on this, the study was mainly focussed on local weeds (Lantana and Ageratum spp.), Napier and Sudan grasses, oak, Subabul trees and bracken fern poisoning for information on their toxins, clinical signs of phytotoxicity, its treatment and control methods in affected livestock. Lantana camara and Ageratum plants when taken along with other grasses or are grazed accidentally cause death of animals due to presence of poisonous alkaloids, further causing massive losses to livestock owners.

Keywords

Hills, Livestock, Phytotoxicity, Treatment.

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Dinesh Kumar Sharma ¹, Pardeep Sharma ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, IN
2 DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062., IN

Abstract

Bovine Mastitis is the most widespread disease in dairy cattle occurring throughout the world. The disease is causing huge economic losses particularly in developing countries like India in terms of reduced milk production, costs on treatment, culling of chronically infected cows and occasional deaths. Moreover, mastitis has a serious zoonotic potential associated with shedding of bacteria and their toxins in the milk. The treatment of choice for mastitis is the administration of antibiotics. However, antibiotics used for the treatment of this disease are causing antibiotic resistance and its residues passes in milk. Phytochemicals isolated from plants have exhibited potent activities against bacteria causing mastitis. These agents can act alone or in combination with antibiotics to enhance the antibacterial activity against a wide range of bacteria. The drugs from plants are less toxic; side effects are scanty and are also cost effective. They are effective in the treatment of infectious diseases while simultaneously mitigating many of the side effects that are often associated with synthetic antimicrobials. This comprehensive review was prepared to know different studies on usage of various alternative medicines in relation to bovine mastitis.

Keywords

Antibiotic resistance, Bovine mastitis, Phytochemicals, Zoonotic.

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